Anti-Japanese War
Only a few Chinese
were fantasised about Japanese designs in their country. The
Japanese were always keen on raw materials, and due to huge growing
population, they instigated the capture of Manchuria in September
1931. In 1932, they regarded ex-Qing emperor, Puyi as the Head of
the puppet regime of Manchukuo. The Nationalists could not tolerate
the loss of their province of Manchuria, which had a huge potential
for industrial progress and war industries. At the end of the First
World War, the League of Nations was formed but was not able to
perform before the Japanese rebellions. The Japanese also expanded
their ruling towards the Great Wall in Southern China to Northern
China and inside the coastal provinces. The Chinese were also fumed
against the Guomindang government which was then already busy with
the termination of the anti-Communist parties instead of stopping
the Japanese invasion. In December 1936, there was an internal unity
forcefully brought into the country while the Nationalist troops
were against the same at Xian and had been fled from Manchuria by
the Japanese.
In July 1937, when
Chinese and Japanese troops had a major clash outside Beijing near
the Marco Polo Bridge, the Chinese became firm towards its
resistance to brutality. This marked the new beginning of China with
an open war with the Japanese called second Guimindang-CCP United
Front against Japan. During 1940s, more conflicts grew between the
Nationalists and Communists in areas excluding Japanese control.
In the liberated
areas, Mao Zedong adapted Marxism-Leninism as per the Chinese
conditions. He preached party cadres to the masses while living,
working, eating and thinking like them. He later started the
preparation of a new China, and his teachings were acknowledged as
Mao Zedong Thought amongst the Chinese Communists. In 1945, a new
China was born with a great military power, economically prostate
and on the threshold of all-out civil war. But the economy worsened
due to military demands, growing inflation and Nationalists
constant exploitation, supposition and hoarding, resulting into
starvation and homelessness due to floods in many parts of the
country. Then there was an Allied Agreement signed at the Yalta
Conference held in February 1945. This brought Soviet troops in
Manchuria to terminate the war against Japan. Even the Chinese
agreed with the Soviets thinking that they would deal with the
Nationalist government alone. After the war, the Soviets removed a
majority of the industrial equipments left by the Japanese in China,
which led the Communists take control of these arms.
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