Republican China

(1911-1949)

Brief History

The Qing was the last dynasty before the Republic of China. The Republic of China put an end to the imperial rule starting in 1912. The Nationalist party, which eventually became the Communist party due to inner conflict, was at the forefront of expansion. The nation continued to grow through the 1920s with industrialism, building efforts, and modernization. These efforts came to a halt around 1937 when Japan took a stance in World War II. In 1949, China became a country of one-party that was the ultimate power. It was not until 1970 that a multi-party system was reenacted.

 

Founding

The end of the Qing dynasty was impending due to civil disruption and foreign invasions. The death of millions coupled with citizen’s anger led to revolt. The Qing dynasty focused on revamping the government to appease the citizens, but the measures proved to be ineffective. Revolutionary groups started to form with ideals of democracy, nationalism, and livelihood of the people. In 1911, the final outbreak occurred which led to the introduction of Republican China. The revolt spread like wildfire to neighboring cities building a large revolutionary army. Eventually, 15 of 24 provinces declared independence from China. Negotiation was the only possible option left for imperialist China and its outnumbered army, which lead to the formation of Republican China.

 

Present

After signing the Potsdam Declaration in 1945, Japan had surrendered unconditionally in World War II, but the impending communist reign of China starting in 1949 stayed in a state of war until 1979. The 1970s brought large changes to the democratic society. The Republic of China became the People’s Republic of China. The People’s Republic of China is now the current state of China. The Cultural Revolution which led to this change was a fear of the Soviet Union, and power struggles. After the death of Mao, Deng Xianoping quickly resumed power. Communist China gave up certain power over citizens, which led to “market socialism.” In 1982, the People’s Republic of China adopted its new and current constitution. The constitution brought about environmental regulations, protection laws, and political protection. These ideals were mainly modeled of the United States of America. Republican China is now the second largest land mass in the world, and borders 14 nations.

 

 

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